女性与烟草:全球趋势

“女性吸烟者占吸烟者总数的比例有可能增加。女性在社会中扮演的角色越来越重要,她们的消费能力越来越高...所有这些使女性成为一个主要目标...”

《烟草记者》(Tobacco Reporter),19981

烟草控制是一个至关重要的女性健康问题。今天,男性吸烟人数是女性的4倍,但是虽然男性吸烟率已经达到了最高值2,女性吸烟率仍在继续上升3,在发展中国家以及南欧、中欧和东欧一些国家尤其如此。对烟草业来说,向发展中国家的妇女和女孩销售烟草产品,这代表着世界上最大的产品营销机会之一4

女性吸烟人数为2亿5千万5。如果发展中国家女性吸烟比例提高到男性吸烟率的水平,到下一代,女性吸烟人数将翻倍,为5亿人6。因为吸烟的女性会和男性死于同样的烟草相关疾病,女性吸烟率的提高对她们的健康和家庭的健康和收入将产生巨大影响1,7,8。此外,女性吸烟者还面临患生殖器官癌症和骨质疏松的风险9。吸烟还导致贫困,尤其影响女性的健康10

虽然对女性的健康危险已为人知道,几十年来,烟草公司使用与女性普遍要求独立、自由、更美丽更有魅力的愿望相联系的营销主题,以及专门设计来吸引女性的产品,如各种香味卷烟和时髦包装,瞄准妇女和女孩市场11。今天,烟草业在发展中国家正使用同样的诱惑主题吸引女性。

但是,通过采取已被证明能够降低烟草使用的政策和项目,能防止预期的烟草使用率的提高。通过控制烟草营销、采用有力的健康警告、提高价格、降低对烟草产品的购买力、扩大对人们不受二手烟雾危害的保护、进行有效的公共教育和对烟草业营销活动的反宣传,能够防止在全球妇女中预期发生的流行性烟草相关疾病和死亡。

发展中国家使用烟草的妇女和女孩人数在增加

烟草对女性的健康尤其有害

烟草公司用魅力、独立和美丽的承诺瞄准妇女和女孩市场

更好的政策能保护妇女和女孩不受烟草的危害

注释:

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